The word “Indigestion” is commonly used to describe the discomfort in one’sbellymostly caused after food consumption. Fullness, bloating, nausea, heart burn are other symptoms of Indigestion.
Before discussing Indigestion, understanding the process of digestion is very essential. The Ayurveda approach of explaining digestion is very simple and effective. The food we eat is digested by Agni or body fire which is present in our body. It is very much similar to the way we cook the food. The Agni or body fire helps to digest the food which is consumed, much like the fire of a stove cooks the food kept on it. The Agni is mainly situated in Jatara or in upper part ofdigestivesystem and is called as Jataragni. The Agni is further categorized as Bhootagni (which digests the 5 pancha mahabhoota factors present in food), Dhatwagni (The agni present in tissues which help them to absorb required nutrients), Malagni ( the agni which helps in formation of body wastes like stools, sweat and urine) . The Jataragni controls bhootagni, dhatwagni and malagni. Through this it is evident that ayurveda approach of digestion explains cellular metabolism too.
The factors which help agni to digest the food completely. : Thridoshas -Vata , Pitta and Kapha help agni to digest the food. This can be understood through the following figure.
If the process of digestion is compared to that of cooking rice, the stomach,like the vessel., receives food. Vata provides the necessary conditions like the airblower, Pitta actslike the stove, providing optimum working conditions while Kapha provides the moisture needed much like thewaterin the vessel. When all these factors are normal and well balanced, an optimum condition is created to digest the food completely.
When food is completely digested by all the agnis, the body tissues will be well nourished and one isblessedwith attractivecomplexion, glow, longevity, strength, good health, growth, enthusiasm, vitality and overall healthy development of body and mind.
The indigestion occurs when agni is imbalanced by the factors (tridoshas) which help agni to digest food. The variations of agni due to tridoshas are of 4 types.
Samagni (balanced agni):The agni which is well balanced due to balanced tridoshas indicate the condition called Samagni . Samagni digests the food completely and nourishes the body tissues very well.
Vishamaagni (varying agni):- When vata is predominant this condition surfaces. The regular food gets digested normally on some occasions and poorly on others. Vata increasing foods and lifestyles lead to this condition. This variation of agni causesconstipation, flatulence, pain in abdomen and other vata predominant diseases. The indigestion caused by this type of agni is called Vistabdhajeerna
Teekshnagni (increased agni): This variation of agni occurs due to predominance of pitta. Pitta increasing foods and lifestyle cause this variation. This variation of agni causes increased hunger, thirst, acidity, heart burn and loose motions. The indigestion thus caused is called as Vidagdajeerna.
Mandagni (decreased agni):As increased moistness reduces the intensity of fire, the increased kapha reduces the intensity of agni. Kapha increasing foods and lifestyle cause this variation. Feeling Heaviness of body, swelling of eyelids (lower), belching which emit the smell of food consumed and water brash are few symptoms which of indigestion caused by mandagni. The indigestion caused by mandagni is called as amajeerna.
The decreased agni improperly digests the food and this indigested food is sticky in nature and improperly nourishes tissues, causing weakness of body. This sticky improperly digested food is called ama. Ama due to its sticky nature blocks the channels of body, vitiate doshas , contaminates tissues, imbalance body functions and cause diseases.
Causes of imbalance of agni which lead to indigestion
1. Spicy foods,chilly, oily foods, medicines,milkand milk products, tobacco and alcohol.
2. Irregular food habits andsleepingpatterns.
3. Medications like pain killers, antibiotics, oral contraceptives and steroids.
4. Intestinal parasites.
5. Diseases of pancreas, liver, gallbladder, intestinal infections etc.
6. During pregnancy, premenstrual period, menopausal period in women.
7. Emotional upset like anxiety,stress, examination, family tensions, etc.
Home Remedies for Indigestion
1. Fastingcompletely for one day helps to normalize imbalanced agni and digest ama.
2. Consuming liquid foods,boiledvegetables or fruit juices for 2- 3 days also improves agni and relieves indigestion.
3. Avoid the factors (mentioned above) which cause indigestion.
4. Mix a ½ tea spoon of lemon juice, ½ tea spoon ginger juice and little salt in a cup of water and consume thrice daily.
5. Drinking ½ glass ofwarm wateronce in 2 hours increases agni and digests ama.
6. Cook ½ cup of rice with 4 cups of water with crushed ginger (1”) and salt. Powder long pepper (2 or 3)and fry it in a spoon of cow’sgheeand add it to gruel. Consume this when it hot. This is very light to digest and relieves colic pain.
7. AbdominalMassagealso helps to relieve indigestion. It loosens the tight muscles and increases the bloodsupply todigestivesystem. American Journal of a physical medicine and rehabilitation mentions that “Abdominal massage has positive effects on some clinical aspects of neurogenic bowel dysfunction in patients with spinalcordinjury. “
Consuming well balanced food balances doshas and agni and hence keeps the body healthyand free from diseases.
Author:
Dr Nirav Joshi, Ayurvedacharya
